Psoriasis on the head is one of the most common forms of psoriasis.It may be an independent version of the disease when the psoriatic rashes are only located on the head (scalp regional psoriasis) or can be associated with manifestations of general diffuse forms when abnormal changes grab the entire surface of the skin.
The causes of illness
The cause of psoriasis is the same as psoriasis of other localizations.At the same time, many of the theories of psoriasis have not been universally recognized, and despite the huge number of studies, the real causes of the disease are not yet known.Nevertheless, the factors can be distinguished, the role of which has been proven in the development of the disease.
- Heredity.Patients are approx.In one third, psoriasis is inherited according to the classic laws of genetics: from parents to offspring, according to the autosomal dominant mechanism.In other cases, psoriasis refers to multifactoral diseases when hereditary factors increase the risk of the disease in the presence of other significant effects.
- Immune, endocrine, metabolic disorders.
- Epidermal disorders: various changes in the vital cycle of the skin cells, the largest of which is related to the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes (acceleration of the skin) and slowing down morphological differentiation (ripening and division to different types of cells).
The main symptoms
The main local symptom of head psoriasis is the thickened, clearly defined papula and pink or bright red plaques with a characteristic silver protein on its surface.Typical localization - the forehead and frosty area on the border of the hair growth zone.At the beginning of the disease, there are usually few plaques, pale, and as soon as it has been deleted, they last for a long time in the same place.Exposure to provoking factors (trauma, infection, pregnancy, diet, nervous shock, etc.) after progressing.The size, merger of the plains becomes brighter, itchy.Hair suffering from psoriasis does not fall out, even with severe scalp and extensive lesion.
When the plaque surface appears, you can determine the characteristic triad of the symptoms:
- The phenomenon of stearin spot is the increase in peeling with mild supplies.
- The terminal film phenomenon - After removing the scales, the plaque's surface is wet, thin, shiny.
- Auspitz symptom or phenomenon of bloody dew - carefully spreading the terminal film in the form of a small, non -immersive blood drop.
In addition to local symptoms, some patients develop nail conditions and psoriatic arthritis.
Treatment
Treatment of psoriasis head should be complicated, including repairing possible causes and providing provoking factors, diet treatment, and general and local foundations.The specific recommendations for skin care and drugs are individual and should be given to them as a dermatologist.
Unfortunately, it is not known today how to completely cure psoriasis - the disease is chronic, prone to frequent relapses.However, thoroughly fulfilling all meetings can lead to a long lasting remission if the symptoms of the skin are unnoticed or completely disappeared.
Diet
Patients with psoriasis are similar to the diet of allergic patients because exactly allergic mediators (histamine and others) support acute evil changes in the skin.Thus they are excluded from the diet:
- Extracting materials (rich meat and fish soups, smoked meats).
- Spices, spices.
- Products with a large number of artificial flavors with paints.
- Marinates, sauerry and salty vegetables, canned food.
- Mushroom.
- Alcohol.
- Exotic fruits (mango, kiwi, etc.).
Fatty and fried foods are limited, easy -to -digest carbohydrates (sweets, pasta, butter baking), table salt.The aggravation is recommended to perform unloading days with intense itchy rashes - twice a week starring.
Skin care
Even severe itching should also be avoided, and skin combing should also be avoided, as plaques often contribute to the appearance of new rashes (Kobner phenomenon).To remove the itching and scales, wash their heads daily, alternately the use of special shampoos and anti -inflammatory herbs.Shampoo from head psoriasis may contain:
- tar;
- Selena -sulfide;
- zinc.
Shampoos are used up to three times a week, and among these procedures we recommend washing your head by cooking chamomile, marigold, sage, pine extract and tea leaves.
Medicine
Treatment of psoriasis on the head of severe aggravations by prescribing systemic corticosteroids (orally or intramuscularly) in the case of severe aggravations, with desensitizing therapy (inside antihistamines and intramuscular).Intravenous administration of detoxification, sodium -tiosulfate, calcium chloride, intravenous intravenous intravenous intravenous administration.
In addition, in the case of severe and moderate psoriasis, the following groups of drugs can be prescribed (strictly indications and individually!):
- Cytostatics (methotrexate, cyclosporin) - suppression of abnormal cell proliferation.
- System -tinoids - to control the processes of regeneration and differentiation of skin cells.The drug is not combined with cytostatics and other retinoids.
- System biology agents - Reduce the activity of the immune system.
Local funds
Widespread skin manifestations, especially acute inflammation, excavation elements, and in the presence of combs, the local basics are used limited and extremely carefully, as active penetration of active substance is possible through damaged skin with systemic side effects.They begin to apply the stage of aggravation and, during partial remission, local drugs form the basis for the treatment of psoriasis.
Using therapeutic shampoos and anti -inflammatory decoctions, pastes, ointments, creams, gels, creams.The following drugs are most commonly used:
- Local funds containing tar is applied twice daily to the scalp with 1-2 weeks courses.We do not recommend treating them for a long time without interruptions as they can cause excessive dry skin.
- Naftal ointment.
- Salicylic ointment.Salicylic acid has a keratolytic effect ("dissolves" coarse cells), disinfecting the plaque surface.
- Meaning with zinc.
- Local forms of glucocorticosteroids.Corticosteroids are prescribed within two weeks to avoid the framework of local skin changes (steroid acne, irritation, thinness, atrophy, allergic dermatitis) and systemic side effects (metabolic, hormonal disorders, etc.).They should be applied twice daily with a thin layer and only on plaque, which have no mechanical damage (comb, erosions).In addition to the creams, there are hormonal emulsions and creams that can be easier to wash from the hair.
- Vitamin D analogues are applied twice daily to lesions and can be used in combination with local steroids.
- Local retinoids are applied to plaques for plaques per day per day per day, depending on the reaction to the treatment (may cause severe irritation in the application).
- Antralin is used four times a day.Side effects - irritating effect (itching, redness), yellow skin color at the site of application.
- Combined local drugs are modern and extremely effective medicines for the treatment of psoriasis.Most often, combinations of glucocorticoids, tar and salicylic acid are used.Another good combined cure for psoriasis on the head.
The names of local drugs from a huge number of psoriasis are produced and can only understand them.Do not give yourself, buy on the advice of acquaintances or advertising, even really effective drugs.The way of treating psoriasis should only be determined by the dermatologist on the headache, as local therapy always entails individually selected combinations and alternating drugs.
No -drog treatment
Psoriasis refers to climate-dependent diseases.Thus, natural sunlight has a very beneficial effect on psoriasis, contributing to the reduction of skin manifestations.Patients are recommended daily, but short stays in the sun (in the morning, closer to the evening).In the fall winter periods, UOF is prescribed.The river and seawater have a good effect.In the sanatoriums of the Dead Sea, the rehabilitation and treatment course can be achieved permanently and sufficiently.
Physiotherapy techniques are widely used in the treatment of head psoriasis: UFV phototherapy, UFV narrow range, ball therapy.Keep in mind that sunny stay and physiotherapy methods for treating psoriasis increase the risk of skin cancer, so children are not recommended for physiotherapy and should examine the preventive examination of oncologist every year.